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Name: Biological and Bioorganic Chemistry: in 2 books. Book 2. Biological Chemistry: textbook
Brand: Медицина
SKU: 6653
Price: 660 UAH
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Biological and Bioorganic Chemistry: in 2 books. Book 2. Biological Chemistry: textbook

660 грн

Автор: Губський Ю.І., Ніженковська І.В., Корда М.М
Издательство: Медицина
Год издания: 2020
Страниц: 544
Склад: 2-3 дня

This textbook contains a systematic presentation of the course of biological chemistry according to the educational program for students of higher medical (pharmaceutical) educational establishments. The core text of this book examines the structure of an enzyme, and the metabolic pathways of the major classes of biomolecules (proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleotides, porphyrins); structural features and properties of nucleic acids, DNA and RNA; molecular biology and genetics, biochemical foundations of the physiological functions of the human body and their neurohumoral regulation are highlighted. Considerable attention is paid to the molecular mechanisms underlying the functions of blood cells, liver, kidneys, muscles, connective tissue, immune and nervous systems.

The biochemical basis of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, obesity, diseases of the endocrine, immune, nervous systems and connective tissue are considered. In addition to informational material, each chapter of the textbook contains tests and tasks for self-control.

Introduction. History of development of biochemistry               7

Part I. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF REGULATION OF METABOLISM             15

Chapter 1. Biomolecules and cellular structures      15

1.1. Chemical composition of living organism   15

1.2. Biomolecules and their functions  15

1.3. Scheme of structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells       17

1.4. Biological membranes     18

Chapter 2. Enzymes           22

2.1. Enzymes: structure, properties and classification    22

2.2. Mechanism of the enzyme action   33

2.3. Kinetics of enzymatic reactions. The units of enzymatic activity          37

2.4. Regulation of enzymatic processes               52

2.5. Medical enzymology         55

2.6. Cofactors and coenzymes: chemical structure and functions 63

Chapter 3. Fundamental regularities of metabolism. Tricarboxylic acid cycle   76

3.1. Common pathways of protein, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism        76

3.2.  Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid    80

3.3. Tricarboxylic acid cycle or Krebs cycle       83

Chapter 4. Molecular foundations of bioenergetics   94

4.1. Pathways of the oxygen consumption in the reactions of biological oxidation 94

4.2. Tissue respiration            97

4.3. Chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP synthesis in mitochondria               103

4.4. Non-phosphorylative oxidation in electron trasport chain as the mechanism

       of heat production in the mitochondria          109

4.5. Inhibitors and uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation           110

Chapter 5. Hormonal regulation of metabolism          113

5.1. General characteristics of hormones           114

5.2. Classification of hormones             116

5.3. Mechanism of action of hydrophilic hormones           118

5.4. Mechanism of action of hormones that interact with the intracellular receptors    123

5.5. Regulation of secretion of hormones            125

Part II. CARBOHYDRATE, LIPID AND AMINO ACID METABOLISM.

REGULATION OF CARBOHYDRATE, LIPID AND AMINO ACID METABOLISM        128

Chapter 6. Carbohydrate metabolism. Regulation of carbohydrate metabolism... 128

6.1. Glycolysis           129

6.2. Alcohol fermentation        139

6.3. Pentose phosphate pathway of glucose metabolism   140

6.4. Metabolism of fructose     145

6.5. Metabolism of sorbitol      146

6.6. Metabolism of galactose   147

6.7. Gluconeogenesis               148

6.8. Metabolism of glycogen   151

6.9. Regulation of glycogenolysis and glycogenesis         157

Chapter 7. Lipid metabolism. Regulation of lipid metabolism  161

7.1. Metabolism of triacylglycerols      162

7.2. Metabolism of fatty acids 166

7.3. Metabolism of glycerol     177

7.4. Ketone body formation and utilization in normal and pathological conditions 177

7.5. Metabolism of phospholipids           182

7.6. Metabolism of cholesterol               184

7.7. Disorders of lipid metabolism        187

Chapter 8. Amino acid metabolism. Enzymopathies of amino acid metabolism 193

8.1. General pathways of amino acids transformation      193

8.2. Formation and detoxification of ammonia. Urea cycle               200

8.3. Specialized pathways of acyclic and cyclic amino acids           205

8.4. Biosynthesis of porphyrins             228

8.5. Hereditary disorder of porphyrin metabolism            232

PART III. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY. BIOCHEMISTRY OF INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATIONS  235

Chapter 9. Metabolism of nucleotides           235

9.1. Biosynthesis and catabolism of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides      235

9.2. Disorders of purine and pyrimidine metabolism        249

Chapter 10. Fundamentals of molecular biology         252

10.1. Structure of deoxyribonucleic acid               253

10.2. Biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid         256

10.3. Biosynthesis of ribonucleic acid (RNA)       262

10.4. Ribosomal protein syntesis (translation)     268

10.5. Antibiotics are inhibitors of template synthesis        285

10.6. Viruses and toxins are inhibitors of template synthesis in eukaryotic cells 288

10.7. Biochemical mechanism of antiviral effect of interferons       289

Chapter 11. Fundamentals of molecular genetics      291

11.1. Phases of eukaryotic cell cycle. Biochemical mechanism of control of cell entry into mitosis   292

11.2. Molecular mechanism of mutations              294

11.3. Genetic recombinations   297

11.4. Amplification of genes (genes of metallothionein, dihydrofolate reductase) ....301

11.5. Genetic engineering: some basic concepts, biomedical significance    302

Chapter 12. Biochemistry of hormonal regulation    306

12.1. Hormones of hypotalamic-pituitary system 306

12.2. Pancreatic hormones       319

12.3. Hormones of digestive system        323

12.4. Hormones of thyroid gland              325

12.5. Hormonal regulation of calcium homeostasis            331

12.6. Steroid hormones of adrenal glands and gonads        336

12.7. Biological active eicosanoids          344

12.8. Eicosanoids in the inflammation    349

Part IV. FUNCTIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY   353

Chapter 13. Biochemystry of human nutrition           353

13.1. Macronutrients  354

13.2. Biochemical role of microelements              356

13.3. Digestion of nutrients in the digestive tract               360

13.4. Violations of digestion in alimentary canal 370

13.5. Vitamins              372

Chapter 14. Biochemistry of blood 385

14.1. Respiratory function of red blood cells        385

14.2. Normal and pathological forms of hemoglobin           389

14.3. Acid-base balance and buffer systems of blood           390

14.4. Non-protein components of plasma               394

14.5. Blood proteins    400

14.6. Blood plasma lipoproteins               410

14.7. Blood coagulation, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic systems     414

Chapter 15. Biochemistry of immune processes        423

15.1. Immunoglobulins: structure, biological functions    424

15.2. Mediators and hormones of immune system               427

15.3. Biochemical components of human complement system          430

15.4. Biochemical mechanisms of development of immunodeficiency            432

Chapter 16. Biochemical functions of the liver           436

16.1. Bile formation in liver      439

16.2. Metabolism of bile pigments in the liver      441

16.3. Pathobiochemistry ofjaundice        445

16.4. Biochemical disturbances in certain liver diseases  449

16.5. Biotransformation of xenobiotics and endogenous toxins        453

Chapter 17. Biochemical functions of the kidneys     465

17.1. Steps of urine formation  465

17.2. Physical characteristics of urine  469

17.3. Chemical composition of urine      471

17.4. Role of the kidneys in acid-base balance      476

17.5. Features of kidney metabolism      477

17.6. Biochemical tests of kidney function           480

Chapter 18. Biochemistry of muscles           483

18.1. Structure of myofibrils    483

18.2. Chemical composition of muscle tissue       484

18.3. Biochemical features of cardiac and smooth muscles              488

18.4. Biochemical mechanisms of contraction and relaxation of muscles     488

18.5. Sources of energy for muscle constractions              491

18.6. Biochemical changes in muscle pathology  493

Chapter 19. Biochemistry of connective tissue           496

19.1. Structure and metabolism of collagen          496

19.2. Elastin structure               499

19.3. Structure and metabolism of proteoglycans               500

19.4. Structure of glycoproteins              504

Chapter 20. Biochemistry of nervous system              506

20.1. Chemical composition of the nervous system             506

20.2. Nervous tissue metabolism             509

20.3. Molecular basis of bioelectrical processes on the membrane of neurons 513

20.4. Neurotransmitters            517

20.5. Metabolism of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in mental disorders 521

20.6. Neurochemical mechanisms of psychotropic drugs  522

Answers for tests for self-control  524

Index      525

References           542

ISBN: 978-617-505-785-8
Язык издания: EN
Обложка: Тверда
Размер: 170 х 240 мм
Вес: 900г

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